一.语法易错点

1. a an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an辅音字母开头的单词用a.

2. am is are的选择: 单数用is 复数用are. I 用 am you 用 are.

3. have has 的选择: 表示某人有某物.单数用has 复数用have. I you 用 have .

4. there is there are 的选择:表示某地有某物某人.单数用there is 复数用there are.

5. some any 的选择:肯定句用some 疑问句和否定句用any.

6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

二.形容词比较级

当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子组成一般都是：

什么 + 动词be (am is are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么，

例：

I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)

An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)

形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是:：

① 一般的直接在词尾加er 如 tall - taller strong - stronger

② 以e结尾的直接加r 如 fine – finer

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的先改y为i再加er如funny - funnier

④ 双写最后的字母再加er如big – bigger thin – thinner hot – hotter

注意！

比较的两个东西应该是互相对应的可比较的且属于相同类型的东西。

常见错误：My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。)

比较的两者是我的头发，你(整个人)，那么比较的对象就没有可比性.。

应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

三.动词过去式

动词的过去式的构成规则有:

A规则动词

① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked learned cleaned visited

② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived danced used

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意playstay不是辅音字母加y所以不属于此类)

④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

B不规则动词(此类词并无规则须熟记)

小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang eat – ate see – saw have – had do – did go - went take - took buy - bought get - got read - read fly - flew am/is - was

are - were say - said leave - left swim - swam tell - told draw - drew come - came lose - lost find - found drink - drank hurt - hurt feel - felt

四.动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则

① 一般的直接在后面加上ing 如doing going working singing eating

② 以e 结尾的动词要先去e再加ing 如having writing

③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running swimming sitting getting

五.小学英语人称代词主格及宾格

人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。

例:I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我"

主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格，不放在句首。

例:I have a new car.( I 主格)

Excuse me (me 宾格)

I ask him to go (him 宾格)

They sit in front of me (me 宾格)

主格(8个)：I 我you你 he他 she她 it它 we 我们you 你们they他(她.它)们

宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him 他her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她.它)们

#p#分页标题#e#

六.句型专项归类

1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子

例：I'm a student.

She is a doctor.

He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom.

2否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子

例：I'm not a student.

He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital.

There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.

注意！

1)一般否定句是在一般肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "not"，如有动词be的句子则需要把"not"加在be后面可缩写成isn'taren't但am 和not 一般都分开写。

2)没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(dodoesdid)然后在它后面加上"not"你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"don't doesn't didn't )。

3)这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况而"did"只用于一般过去时不论主语是什么人称和数都用"did" .

3.一般疑问句：指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用"yes"或"no"来回答。

例：

Are you a student ?Yes I am \ No I'm not.

Is she a doctor? Yes she is. \ No she isn't.

Does he work in a hospital ?\Yes he does. / No he doesn't.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening?\ Yes I did. / No I didn't.

注意！

一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上。

1)把动词be调到首位其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

2)没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(dodoesdid)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

3)这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况而"did"只用于一般过去时不论主语是什么人称和数都用"did" 。

一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

4.特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what where who which when whose why how等)开头引导的句子，此类句子应该问什么就答什么不能用"yes no"来回答。

例：

What is this?

Where are you going?

Who played games with you yesterday morning?

When do you usually get up?

Why do you like spring best ?

How are you?

常错项

其中How又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问例： how many(多少(数量)) how much(多少(钱)) how tall(多高) how long(多长) how big(多大) how heavy(多重)

例句:How many pencils do you have ?

How many girls can you see ?

How many 用来对可数名词的数量进行提问主要有以下三种用法：

How many + 名词复数 + do you have 你有多少……

How many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少……

How many + 名词复数 + are there… 有多少……

七.完全缩略形式

1、简缩形式的变法：把倒数第二个字母，通常是元音字母变成' 但are除外，are要把a打成' 。例:he is=he'sthey are=they're

2.简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。

3.把完全形式变成简缩形式时，一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。例:What is =What's

4.千万切记：let's =let us 让我们(不要把' 变成i)

5.记住：this is不能缩写成this's

5.常见的缩略形式：

I'm=I am he's=he is she's=she is they're=theyare you're=you are there's=there is they're=they are can't=can not don't=do not doesn't=does not isn't=is not aren't=are not let's=let us

won't=will not I'll=I will wasn't=was not